Additionally, older children typically experience less conflict with their nonresident fathers than do younger children. 53) However, as time passes after the breakup, conflict between father and child decreases. Children report more distant relationships with their fathers, 49) and fathers report “a more negative change in their relationships with their children than custodial mothers.” 50) The pattern of worsening relationships after the breakup holds for both sons 51) and daughters, 52) and more conflict during the divorce process increases the likelihood of distance between the father and his children. 48)ĭivorced fathers, especially non-custodial fathers, do not fare well with their children. 46) Divorced parents also report significantly diminished satisfaction with their former spouse’s relationships with their children, 47) though parental divorce tends to affect the relationship of the child and the opposite-sex parent more than the child and their parent of the same sex. 44) Marital disruption creates distance between parents and children, 45) even compared to children living in married but unhappy families. 43) 3.2 Emotional Closeness and Well-BeingĬhildren’s relationships with their parents worsen after a divorce. 42) A close father-child bond is important for adolescent outcomes. 41) Fathers who repartner have further reduced contact with their adult children. 40) Daughters of divorced parents were 38 percent less likely than their peers in intact families to have frequent contact with their fathers, and sons of divorced parents were 20 percent less likely. 39)Ĭontact with the father declines over time after a divorce, though this pattern is less pronounced the older the child is at the time of the divorce. 38) Fathers who have found new partners also have less contact with the adult children from their original marriage. 37) By adolescence (between the ages of 12 and 16), fewer than half of children living with separated, divorced, or remarried mothers had seen their fathers at all in more than a year, and only one in six saw their fathers once a week. 35) An analysis of the National Survey of Families and Households 36) found that about one in five divorced fathers had not seen his children in the past year, and fewer than half the fathers saw their children more than a few times a year. 34) Nearly 50 percent of the children in one study reported not seeing their nonresident father in the past year, and the small number that had recently stayed overnight at the father’s residence did so for a special visit, not as part of a regular routine. 33) For example, children spend significantly more nights with their mother than their father. Marriages and Families Diversity and Change Eighth Edition Mary Ann Schwartz Northeastern Illinois University BarBara Marliene Scott Northeastern Illinois University New York, NY Editor: Billy J Grieco Development Editor: Jennifer Auvil Marketing Manager: Jeremy Intal Program Manager: Erin Bosco Project Coordination, Text Design, and Electronic Page Makeup: Integra Cover Designer: JayBird Design Cover Photos: Belkin & Co/Fotolia Orange Line Media/Fotolia Vitalinka/Fotolia Lisa F Young/Shutterstock dglimages/Fotolia Manufacturing Buyer: Mary Ann Gloriande Printer/Binder: LSC/Menasha Cover Printer: Phoenix Color/Hagerstown Acknowledgments of third-party content appear on pages 599–600, which constitute an extension of this copyright page PEARSON, ALWAYS LEARNING, and REVEL are exclusive trademarks in the United States and/or other countries owned by Pearson Education, Inc.Divorce leads to a decline in the frequency and quality of parent-child contact and relationships, 32) and it becomes difficult for nonresidential parents, 90 percent of whom are fathers, to maintain close ties with their children.
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